The pancreas produces pancreatic juice, rich in enzymes, to break down and further digest food.If the pancreatic duct is blocked, the enzymes produced will be delayed and begin to break down the organ itself, leading to inflammation and pancreatitis.In the modern world, pancreatitis is a common disease.A person who leads an unhealthy lifestyle is more susceptible to this disease than others: smoking, abusing alcohol, and eating junk food.The causes of this disease vary:
- Drink wine.
- Poor nutrition, overeating.
- Abdominal injury.
- Infectious diseases of the digestive system.
- Gallstone disease.
- Parasites.
- Taking certain medications and allergic reactions.
- Complications after surgery (about 5%).
It is necessary to eliminate the factors that influence the development of the disease.In special cases, when pancreatitis is the result of injury or other diseases, for example, gallstones, a cure is possible.
Basic nutrition for pancreatitis
Unfortunately, it is often impossible to completely cure, but there is a possibility to stop the destruction of the pancreas and try to reduce the recurrence.Nutrition for pancreatic pancreatitis is very important.Acute conditions are relieved by medicines;nutrition nutrition remains the main thing.
The basic principle of nutrition for pancreatitis is not to overload the pancreas.Try to reduce enzyme production.Food should be easy to digest without causing fermentation.You need to eat often, in small portions.A smaller portion means less burden on the diseased organ.During exacerbations, frequent split meals are excluded.The less often a person eats, the better.Meal break time reaches 12 hours.For pancreatitis, food with a warm and soft consistency is welcome.
It is important for pancreatitis patients to study in detail what categorically cannot be eaten, what foods should be avoided during pancreatitis, and what foods are allowed to be eaten.
Legal Products
- Dry bread or crackers.
- Dietary meat: lean beef, rabbit, white parts of chicken and turkey.
- Dairy products: milk, low-acid cottage cheese and yogurt.It is necessary to monitor the fat content of the product.Cottage cheese no more than 2%, preferably low-fat.It is advisable to exclude fermented baked milk, sour cream and cream.
- Skinny fish.As good as cod.
- Cereals and any pasta.
- Vegetables that do not cause strong gas formation.Carrots, potatoes, beets, pumpkins, zucchini.
- Fruits: exclusive green apple, pear, banana, avocado, persimmon.It is advisable to burn the fruits.
- Weak tea, compote of dried fruits or berries.
Prohibited Products
- Alcohol.Even low-alcohol drinks should be completely excluded during the diet!
- Chocolate, sugar, desserts, cakes, pastries, baked goods and other products that contain a lot of sugar.
- Pork and red fish.
- Seasoning, spices, salt, smoked meat.
- Fermentable vegetables: white cabbage, turnips, onions, garlic, spinach, turnips.
- Fruits: grapes, red apples, citrus fruits, peaches, plums.
- Coffee, strong black or green tea, cocoa, carbonated drinks, packaged juices.
- Cereals and porridge: millet, pearl barley, corn.
- Legumes, mushrooms, nuts.
During the grace period, minor concessions are allowed.For example, it is acceptable to drink weak coffee with milk.For dressing, use low-fat sour cream, olive or flaxseed oil.
Soups that stimulate gastric secretion are not recommended for pancreatitis.However, outside of the aggravation, it is allowed to eat soup with vegetable soup.A spoonful of honey for dessert will not hurt.
Although there is little variety of food products for pancreatitis, a well-designed menu makes the diet varied.
Types of pancreatitis and nutrition
Pancreatitis is classified according to the type of disease:
- Acute pancreatitis.
- Chronic pancreatitis.
Depending on the type, appropriate treatment and diet are prescribed, developed by the doctor.
Acute pancreatitis is treated in a hospital setting.This is a serious condition and can be fatal without prompt medical treatment.In addition to the surgical intervention performed, in the case of acute pancreatitis, the following conditions must be met:
- Bed rest.
- Depression of pancreatic function.
- Drug treatment.
- Starvation diet.
During exacerbation of pancreatitis, fasting is indicated.A fasting diet can last up to three days.A person should drink 1.5-2 liters of liquid - mineral water will work, gas should be released, weak black or green tea or rosehip infusion, only clean water.If the patient's condition is severe, then fasting is extended to seven days, nutrients are supplied intravenously.
The diet for acute pancreatitis immediately after fasting should be soft.It is allowed to eat oatmeal, slimy soup, and boiled rice.The basic rule during an exacerbation is that food is introduced gradually.In the first days, the food is low-calorie, slimy, and does not irritate the gastrointestinal tract.Volume and calorie content increase as recovery progresses.
After the acute phase, the disease becomes chronic.Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by low-grade inflammation and periodic pain.Attacks are triggered by drinking alcohol and irritating foods.
To prevent frequent relapses and reduce pain, the diet for pancreatic pancreatitis should remain lifelong.The diet must contain protein from plants and animals.But the amount of fat is reduced to a limit.Handle carbohydrates with care.The diet for chronic pancreatitis is carefully developed so that, although the list of allowed foods is small, the patient receives the necessary nutrients.In addition, vitamins can be prescribed.
Therapeutic diet for pancreatitis
How to eat correctly during pancreatitis so as not to harm the pancreas?
Soviet doctors also developed a special therapeutic diet for pancreatitis patients.It's called the Pevzner No. diet.5. And although diet therapy has changed over the years, therapeutic nutrition for pancreatitis is still based on diet No.5. In case of exacerbation, diet Pevzner No.5p set.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis is quite diverse.Diet No. 5 allows milk sausage and doctor's sausage.Although, given the modern reality, it is better to refuse the sausage.If you want, try making your own sausage.At first, before diet food becomes a habit, it is better to make a menu for the week and buy the necessary products according to the list.You should avoid unnecessary trips to the store, anticipating the possibility of buying prohibited products.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis
First day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal finely ground, boiled until viscous.Weak green tea.
- Snack: Yogurt.
- Lunch: Mashed potatoes with steamed turkey pieces, berry compote.
- Snack: Baked green apple.
- Dinner: Pumpkin porridge with semolina, weak black tea.
- Before bed: Low-fat cottage cheese.
Second day:
- Breakfast: Omelet steamed or in the oven, rosehip infusion.
- Snack: Boiled carrots with a minimum amount of oil.
- Lunch: Vegetable puree soup.crackersAdd a tablespoon of vegetable oil.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: Cheese sandwich, weak green tea.
- Dinner: boiled cauliflower, steamed fish filling.Top with 10% sour cream.
- Before bed: Yogurt.
third day:
- Breakfast: Rice porridge with milk, boiled rice, milk diluted with water.Weak black tea.
- Snack: Cottage cheese casserole, prepared with semolina.Add a spoonful of honey.
- Lunch: Pasta and steamed meatballs made from lean beef.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: Baked pears.
- Dinner: Milk buckwheat soup.Green tea.
- Before bed: Yogurt.
Fourth day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal, black tea.
- Snack: Boiled or baked beets.
- Lunch: Vegetable stew with steamed chicken fillet, rose hips.
- Snack: lean bread, jelly.
- Dinner: Vermicelli with milk soup.
- Before bed: Kefir.
fifth day:
- Breakfast: Steamed omelette, black tea.It is easy to cook an omelet in a bag.Pour the raw mixture into a food bag, tie it tightly and put it in boiling water.Omelet will cook faster than steam, without losing its properties.
- Snack: Yogurt.
- Lunch: Vegetable soup with meatballs (meatballs are prepared separately), compote.
- Snack: Sandwich with butter and avocado, rosehip.
- Dinner: Buckwheat with steamed pieces, jelly.
- Before bed: low-fat cottage cheese.
Sixth day:
- Breakfast: Semolina porridge cooked in water, weak coffee with milk.
- Snack: green apple jelly.
- Lunch: Pumpkin puree soup, you can add a little milk, compote.
- Snack: Yogurt.
- Dinner: Rice with turkey or chicken fillet, rose hips.
- Before bed: Fruit jelly.
seventh day:
- Breakfast: Soba milk soup.Milk should be diluted.
- Snack: banana.
- Lunch: Vermicelli, cut up steamed rabbit, compote.
- Snack: Cottage cheese casserole, a spoonful of honey.
- Dinner: Steamed vegetables, tea.
- Before bed: Yogurt.
An approximate menu for chronic pancreatitis is described;it is possible to diversify the list with allowed products.The main thing is to comply with the conditions:
- It is advisable to eat food from the area where you live.Exotic fruits and vegetables are bad for you;they were taken to the green shop.
- Compote is prepared from dried fruits with the addition of berries: lingonberries, blueberries, black currants.You are not allowed to drink fruit juice regularly.Remember - the concentration of the drink is higher than the compote, and can irritate the mucous membrane.
- Products undergoing heat treatment must be boiled or steamed.Vegetables and fruits are eaten exclusively in cooked form.
- Products for pancreatitis must be fresh and of high quality.The body of a healthy person can cope with sour cottage cheese or week-old soup.Such a diet during inflammation of the pancreas will cause an exacerbation of the disease.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis after exacerbation
After the exacerbation, it is necessary to carefully introduce food, starting with a few calories, gradually increasing to normal.The food in the first week was terrible.After eating, you need to monitor your condition;if it gets worse, be sure to see a doctor.
First day after fasting:
- Dry bread and jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Second day:
- Slimy rice soup.
- Dry bread or crackers.
- Weak black tea, rosehip infusion, jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
third day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal, thin, slimy consistency, cooked in water.
- Lunch: Mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: Rusks.Weak black tea or rosehip tea.
Fourth day:
- Breakfast: Semolina porridge on water.
- Lunch: Mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: Biscuits.Kissel.
fifth day:
- Breakfast: Soba milk soup.
- Lunch: Vegetable puree from potatoes and carrots.
- Dinner: Biscuits.compote.
Sixth day:
- Breakfast: protein omelet.
- Lunch: Rice slimy soup.
- Dinner: Vegetable puree from pumpkin and zucchini.Black tea.
seventh day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal cooked with liquid milk.
- Lunch: Vegetable stew, steamed turkey meatballs.
- Dinner: Low-fat cottage cheese.Green tea.
- Before bed: Oatmeal jelly.
- Gradually, for 10-14 days, return to the basic diet occurs.
Consequences of not following a diet
If a person ignores his condition and proper nutrition during pancreatitis is not followed, such behavior is fraught with constant aggravation.Chronic recurrent pancreatitis is a dangerous condition of the pancreas.Persistent disease increases the area of cell damage, leading to complete atrophy of organs and the development of concomitant diseases - cholecystitis, peptic ulcer, threatening diabetes and pancreatic cancer.
Nutrition of pancreatitis patients is the basis for a long and quality life.